The death of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: an epidemiologic perspective.
Identifieur interne : 000A36 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000A35; suivant : 000A37The death of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: an epidemiologic perspective.
Auteurs : Richard H C. Zegers [Pays-Bas] ; Andreas Weigl ; Andrew SteptoeSource :
- Annals of internal medicine ; 2009.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- geographic : Autriche.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acute Disease, Adult, Austria, Cause of Death, Disease Outbreaks (history), Edema (etiology), Edema (history), Famous Persons, Glomerulonephritis (complications), Glomerulonephritis (history), History, 18th Century, Humans, Male, Music (history), Nephrotic Syndrome (etiology), Nephrotic Syndrome (history), Registries, Streptococcal Infections (complications), Streptococcal Infections (history).
- MESH :
- geographic : Austria.
- complications : Glomerulonephritis, Streptococcal Infections.
- etiology : Edema, Nephrotic Syndrome.
- history : Disease Outbreaks, Edema, Glomerulonephritis, Music, Nephrotic Syndrome, Streptococcal Infections.
- Acute Disease, Adult, Cause of Death, Famous Persons, History, 18th Century, Humans, Male, Registries.
Abstract
The early death of the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart on 5 December 1791 has fascinated the world for more than 2 centuries. It has been suggested that his final illness was caused by poisoning, renal failure, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, trichinosis, and many other conditions. The official daily register of deaths in Mozart's Vienna was evaluated to provide an epidemiologic framework into which the observations of contemporary witnesses of his death can be integrated. All recorded deaths in Vienna during November and December 1791 and January 1792 were analyzed, together with the corresponding periods in 1790 to 1791 and 1792 to 1793. The deaths of 5011 adults (3442 men, 1569 women) were recorded over these periods. The mean ages of death were 45.5 years (SD, 18.5) for men and 54.5 years (SD, 19.9) for women. Tuberculosis and related conditions accounted for the highest number of deaths; cachexia and malnutrition ranked second, and edema was the third most common cause. According to eyewitness accounts, the hallmark of Mozart's final disease was severe edema. Deaths from edema were markedly increased among younger men in the weeks surrounding Mozart's death compared with the previous and following years. This minor epidemic may have originated in the military hospital. Our analysis is consistent with Mozart's last illness and death being due to a streptococcal infection leading to an acute nephritic syndrome caused by poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Scarlet fever, which represents the same underlying disease from an etiologic perspective, is a less likely possibility.
PubMed: 19687494
Affiliations:
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Zegers</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. r.h.zegers@amc.uva.nl</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weigl, Andreas" sort="Weigl, Andreas" uniqKey="Weigl A" first="Andreas" last="Weigl">Andreas Weigl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steptoe, Andrew" sort="Steptoe, Andrew" uniqKey="Steptoe A" first="Andrew" last="Steptoe">Andrew Steptoe</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2009">2009</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:19687494</idno><idno type="pmid">19687494</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000118</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000118</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000113</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000331</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000331</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000331</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000A45</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000A36</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000A36</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The death of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: an epidemiologic perspective.</title><author><name sortKey="Zegers, Richard H C" sort="Zegers, Richard H C" uniqKey="Zegers R" first="Richard H C" last="Zegers">Richard H C. Zegers</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. r.h.zegers@amc.uva.nl</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weigl, Andreas" sort="Weigl, Andreas" uniqKey="Weigl A" first="Andreas" last="Weigl">Andreas Weigl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steptoe, Andrew" sort="Steptoe, Andrew" uniqKey="Steptoe A" first="Andrew" last="Steptoe">Andrew Steptoe</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Annals of internal medicine</title><idno type="e-ISSN">1539-3704</idno><imprint><date when="2009" type="published">2009</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acute Disease</term><term>Adult</term><term>Austria</term><term>Cause of Death</term><term>Disease Outbreaks (history)</term><term>Edema (etiology)</term><term>Edema (history)</term><term>Famous Persons</term><term>Glomerulonephritis (complications)</term><term>Glomerulonephritis (history)</term><term>History, 18th Century</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Music (history)</term><term>Nephrotic Syndrome (etiology)</term><term>Nephrotic Syndrome (history)</term><term>Registries</term><term>Streptococcal Infections (complications)</term><term>Streptococcal Infections (history)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Austria</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="complications" xml:lang="en"><term>Glomerulonephritis</term><term>Streptococcal Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Edema</term><term>Nephrotic Syndrome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="history" xml:lang="en"><term>Disease Outbreaks</term><term>Edema</term><term>Glomerulonephritis</term><term>Music</term><term>Nephrotic Syndrome</term><term>Streptococcal Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Acute Disease</term><term>Adult</term><term>Cause of Death</term><term>Famous Persons</term><term>History, 18th Century</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Registries</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Autriche</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The early death of the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart on 5 December 1791 has fascinated the world for more than 2 centuries. It has been suggested that his final illness was caused by poisoning, renal failure, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, trichinosis, and many other conditions. The official daily register of deaths in Mozart's Vienna was evaluated to provide an epidemiologic framework into which the observations of contemporary witnesses of his death can be integrated. All recorded deaths in Vienna during November and December 1791 and January 1792 were analyzed, together with the corresponding periods in 1790 to 1791 and 1792 to 1793. The deaths of 5011 adults (3442 men, 1569 women) were recorded over these periods. The mean ages of death were 45.5 years (SD, 18.5) for men and 54.5 years (SD, 19.9) for women. Tuberculosis and related conditions accounted for the highest number of deaths; cachexia and malnutrition ranked second, and edema was the third most common cause. According to eyewitness accounts, the hallmark of Mozart's final disease was severe edema. Deaths from edema were markedly increased among younger men in the weeks surrounding Mozart's death compared with the previous and following years. This minor epidemic may have originated in the military hospital. Our analysis is consistent with Mozart's last illness and death being due to a streptococcal infection leading to an acute nephritic syndrome caused by poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Scarlet fever, which represents the same underlying disease from an etiologic perspective, is a less likely possibility.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Pays-Bas</li></country><region><li>Hollande-Septentrionale</li></region><settlement><li>Amsterdam</li></settlement></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Steptoe, Andrew" sort="Steptoe, Andrew" uniqKey="Steptoe A" first="Andrew" last="Steptoe">Andrew Steptoe</name><name sortKey="Weigl, Andreas" sort="Weigl, Andreas" uniqKey="Weigl A" first="Andreas" last="Weigl">Andreas Weigl</name></noCountry><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Hollande-Septentrionale"><name sortKey="Zegers, Richard H C" sort="Zegers, Richard H C" uniqKey="Zegers R" first="Richard H C" last="Zegers">Richard H C. Zegers</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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